Phase 2: Financing & Appraisal
Financing & Appraisal: refers to the technical and financial scoping process, including description of alternatives, comparison of costs, assessment of social and environmental risks, and consultation with impacted groups.
Risks identified
Bribery or undue influence to secure financing or guarantees
Payments or influence are used to steer financing decisions, guarantees, or approvals toward preferred sponsors or delivery models.
Learn more →Manipulated feasibility and appraisal (economic, environmental & social, technical)
Feasibility and appraisal results are distorted to facilitate decision approval, concealing risks and inflating expected benefits.
Learn more →Insider trading in land and right of way (misuse of confidential route/site information)
Individuals with access to non-public route/site/right of way information misuse or leak it (directly or via intermediaries) to acquire land/rights or influence valuations/compensation, driving inflated acquisition costs.
Learn more →Conflicts-of-interest and revolving-door influence in appraisal
Decision makers or advisers have undisclosed interests that influence appraisal outcomes.
Learn more →Undue influence over delivery model selection
Procurement and delivery modalities are chosen or designed under undue influence to allocate responsibilities and risks in ways that benefits particular actors rather than maximise value-for-money.
Learn more →Insufficient transparency on appraisal and financing terms
Key appraisal information and material financing terms are not disclosed in a timely, complete, and consistent way, limiting scrutiny and enabling undue influence or discretion.
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